Foxtail Millet/Bristlegrass (Setaria italica)

Origin: Native to North America
Use: Annual, warm season, native grass that provides fair grazing for wildlife; fair grazing for livestock.
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Plant Description:
General  Characteristics of Foxtail Millet/Bristlegrass
Life Span  Annual
Growth Form  3-4 feet tall, bunchgrass.
Management:
Seeding Rate 
40" Rows:  Broadcast: 


15 to 20 pounds pure live seed per acre
20 to 25 pounds pure live seed per acre
Planting Date  May (minimum of 53 degrees F)
Planting Depth 0.25-.50 inch
pH requirement 5.3 to 6.9
Rainfall requirement 25 to 60
Soil texture  Sandy: 
Loam: 
Clay: 

Low
High
High
Cold Tolerance: Moderate
General  Provides fair grazing for wildlife; fair grazing for livestock.
ID Features:
Habit: 		Stout, erect, somewhat glaucous annual, the cultivated form of Setaria viridis.
Culms: 		Simple or branched at the base, 50-150 cm. tall, scabrous below the panicle, nodes bearded.
Blades: 	Lanceolate, 20-40 cm. long, 6-25 mm. wide, scabrous on both sides, and margins, narrowed
		at both ends.
Sheaths: 	Overlapping, ciliate on the margins, pubescent at the collar.
Ligule: 	A ring of stiff hairs 1-2 mm. long.
Inflorescence: 	Panicle compound, interrupted at base, thick, erect or nodding, 8-20 (30) cm.
		long, and 3 cm. thick, but in escaped specimens smaller, yellowish, greenish or
		purplish, rachis densely villous, bristles 1 (2-3) to each spikelet, upwardly
		barbed, 1-3 times as long as the spikelet.
Spikelets: 	About 3 mm. long.
Glumes: 	First ovate, 3-nerved, about one third as long as the spikelet, the second
		and sterile lemma 5-7-nerved, the glume about three fourths as long as the spikelet,
		the sterile lemma longer than the fruit.
Fruit: 		Tawny to red brown, or black, deciduous from the glumes and sterile lemma,
		planoconvex, finely transversely wrinkled or ridged.
Habitat: 	Waste places and fields; escaped from cultivation.  July-September.
Remarks: 	The smaller forms are known as Hungarian grass.
Special Notes:
  • Not recommended for horses.