Origin: | Native to North America | |
Use: | Perennial, warm season, native grass that provides fair grazing for wildlife; good grazing for livestock. | |
Image: |
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Plant Description: | ||
General | Characteristics of Switchgrass | |
Life Span | Perennial | |
Growth Form | 4-6 feet tall, bunchgrass. | |
Management: | ||
Seeding Rate 40" Rows: Broadcast: |
1.2 pounds pure live seed per acre 3.5 pounds pure live seed per acre |
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Planting Date | March-May | |
Planting Depth | 0.25 inch | |
pH requirement | 4.5 to 8.0 | |
Rainfall requirement | 12 to 60 inches | |
Soil texture Sandy: Loam: Clay: |
High High Moderate |
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Cold Tolerance: | High | |
General | Provides fair grazing for wildlife; good grazing for livestock. | |
ID Features: | Habit: Green or glaucous perennial in large bunches, with numerous creeping scaly rhizomes. Culms: 1-2 m. high, glabrous, tough, hard, solitary or clumped. Blades: Elongated, 10-60 cm. long or more, 3-15 mm. wide, flat, rough on the margins, glabrous except sometimes pilose at least near the base above. Sheaths: Shorter than the internodes, or longer below, often ciliate, sometimes villous at the throat, otherwise smooth. Ligule: Dense ring of hairs 3-4 mm. long. Inflorescence: Panicle long-exserted, 15-50 cm. long, open ovate to pyramidal, mostly one third to half as wide as long, the branches ascending or spreading, spikelet bearing in the outer half to two thirds. Spikelets: 3.5-5 mm. long (3-6), ovate, acuminate, prominently nerved, turgid, usually gaping, rather short pedicelled, lower floret usually staminate. Glumes: First clasping, acuminate, or cuspidate, 5-nerved, about two thirds as long as the spikelet, rarely equaling the sterile lemma, the second longer than the sterile lemma, both spreading and pointed, exceeding the fruit. Fruit: Smooth and shiny, about three fourths as long as the spikelet, narrowly ovate, the margins of the lemma inrolled only at the base. Habitat: Prairies, sand prairies, moist open ground. August-September. Use: One of the important prairie forage grasses, a good hay grass, if cut young. |
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Special Notes: |
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) Information #1 |
Regional Adaptation |
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Variety |
Coast Saline Prairie |
Coast Prairie |
East Texas Timberlands |
Claypan Area |
Blackland Prairie |
East Cross Timbers |
West Cross Timbers |
Grand Prairie |
North Central Prairies |
Central Basin |
Edwards Plateau |
Northern Rio Grande Plain |
Western Rio Grande Plain |
Central Rio Grande Plain |
Lower Rio Grande Valley |
Rolling Plains |
High Plains |
Trans-Pecos |
Switchgrass | X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
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Alamo | X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
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Blackwell | X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
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Caddo | X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
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Grenville | X |
X |
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Kanlow | X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |