Weeds of Oklahoma
Common Name Index
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Common Name |
Latin Name |
Competitiveness |
Comments and |
alfalfa dodder | Cuscuta suaveolens Ser. | Low |
Not usually a problem with haying, but need to control if harvesting alfalfa seed. |
amaranth, Palmer |
Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. | High |
Major summer weed problem in new spring plantings and thinning stands. |
annual bluegrass | Poa annua L. | Low | Occasionally in thin stands. |
Asiatic dayflower | Commelina communis L. | Medium | Sometimes present, but seldom a problem |
barley, little | Hordeum pusillum Nutt. | Low | Sometimes coming into thinning stands. Low quality, so need to control. |
barnyardgrass | Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
bearded sprangletop | Leptochloa fascicularis (Lam.) Gray | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
bermudagrass | Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. | High | Can be a major problem if established plants not controlled before planting alfalfa. |
blue mustard | Chorispora tenella (Pallas) DC. | High | Currently only present in northern most counties of northwest Oklahoma. Can become a major problem in fall establishment of new stands. |
bluegrass, annual | Poa annua L. | Low | Occasionally in thin stands. |
brome, downy | Bromus tectorum L. | High | Primary winter grass coming into thinning stands. Poor forage quality, so need to control. |
brome, Japanese | Bromus japonicus Thunb. ex Murr. | High | Can be a problem in newly fall-planted and in thinning stands. |
buckhorn plantain (also English plantain, ribwort, ribgrass, narrowleaf plantain) |
Plantago lanceolata L. | Low | Some problem in NE Oklahoma in seedling and established stands. |
buffalobur | Solanum rostratum Dun. | Medium | Occasionally a problem in spring-planted stands on newly plowed areas. |
bull thistle | Cirsium vulgare | NA | Not normally found in alfalfa fields. |
burning bush (see kochia) |
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bushy wallflower (also spreading wormseed) |
Erysimum repandum L. | Medium | Sometimes in fall-planted stands in northwest Oklahoma. |
Canada thistle | Cirsium discolor | NA | Not normally found in alfalfa fields. |
cheat | Bromus secalinus L. | High | Major problem in fall-planted alfalfa following wheat. |
chickweed, common | Stellaria media (L.) Vill. | Low | Often present, but not usually a problem. |
common chickweed | Stellaria media (L.) Vill. | Low | Often present, but not usually a problem. |
common lambsquarters | Chenopodium album L. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
common ragweed | Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
coreopsis, plains | Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. | Medium |
Can be a problem in newly fall-planted and in thinning stands. |
crabgrass, large | Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. | High | Major weed in spring-planted alfalfa and in thinning stands. |
crabgrass, smooth | Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb. ex Schweig.) Schreb. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
cupgrass, prairie | Eriochloa contracta Hitchc. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
cupgrass, southwestern | Eriochloa gracilis (Fourn.)A.S.Hitchc. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
curly dock | Rumex crispus L. | Medium | Becomes established at time of planting alfalfa and is usually persistent in low wet areas of field. |
cutleaf eveningprimrose, | Oenothera laciniata Hill | Medium | Fairly common in new fall-planted alfalfa. |
dayflower, Asiatic | Commelina communis L. | Medium | Sometimes present, but seldom a problem |
dandelion | Taraxacum officinale Weber in Wiggers | Low |
Sometimes present, but very seldom a problem. |
dock, curly | Rumex crispus L. | Medium | Becomes established at time of planting alfalfa and is usually persistent in low wet areas of field. |
dodder, alfalfa | Cuscuta suaveolens Ser. | Low
|
Not usually a problem with haying, but need to control if harvesting alfalfa seed. |
downy brome | Bromus tectorum L. | High | Primary winter grass coming into thinning stands. Poor forage quality, so need to control. |
English plantain (see buckhorn plantain) |
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eveningprimrose, cutleaf | Oenothera laciniata Hill | Medium | Fairly common in new fall-planted alfalfa. |
field sandbur | Cenchrus incertus M.A.Curtis | High | Major weed problem in sandy areas. |
fireweed (see kochia) |
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flixweed | Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl | High | Can be a problem in newly fall-planted and in thinning stands. Fairly common mustard in NW Oklahoma. |
foxtail, giant | Setaria faberi Herrm. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. Distribution limited to NE Oklahoma. |
foxtail, green | Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
foxtail, yellow | Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
garlic, wild | Allium vineale L. | Low
|
Sometimes present, but seldom a problem |
Setaria faberi Herrm. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. Distribution limited to NE Oklahoma. | |
goatgrass, jointed | Aegilops cylindrica Host | High | Can be a problem in newly fall-planted and in thinning stands. Mostly in western Oklahoma. |
goosegrass | Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. | Medium | Occasionally a problem in low areas in wet years. |
greenflower pepperweed | Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. | Medium | Can be a problem in fall-planted and in thinning stands. |
green foxtail | Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
henbit | Lamium amplexicaule L. | Low | Usually present, but seldom a problem. |
horseweed | Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. | Medium | Occasionally a problem in thinning stands. |
Italian ryegrass | Lolium multiflorum Lam. | High | Major winter weed problem in newly planted fall stands. Also often in thinning stands. Has good forage quality, so can be utilized as hay or grazing. |
Japanese brome | Bromus japonicus Thunb. ex Murr. | High | Can be a problem in newly fall-planted and in thinning stands. |
johnsongrass | Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. | High | Can be a major problem if established plants not controlled before planting alfalfa. |
jointed goatgrass | Aegilops cylindrica Host | High | Can be a problem in newly fall-planted and in thinning stands. Mostly in western Oklahoma. |
kochia (also fireweed, burning bush) |
Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. Mostly in western Oklahoma. |
lambsquarters, common | Chenopodium album L. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
lambsquarters, slimleaf | Chenopodium leptophyllum L. | Medium | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
large crabgrass | Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. | High | Major weed in spring-planted alfalfa and in thinning stands. |
lettuce, prickly | Lactuca serriola L. | Medium | Occurs both in newly fall-planted and thinning stands. Large plants hard to dry in hay. |
little barley | Hordeum pusillum Nutt. | Low | Sometimes coming into thinning stands. Low quality, so need to control. |
musk thistle (also nodding thistle) |
Carduus nutans L. | High | Can be a problem in newly fall-planted and in thinning stands. |
mustard, blue | Chorispora tenella (Pallas) DC. | High | Currently only present in northern most counties of northwest Oklahoma. Can become a major problem in fall establishment of new stands. |
narrowleaf
plantain (see buckhorn plantain) |
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nodding thistle (see musk thistle) |
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nutsedge, yellow | Cyperus esculentus L. | Medium | Usually not a problem in alfalfa because of frequent cutting of hay. |
Palmer amaranth |
Amaranthus palmeri S.Wats. | High |
Major summer weed problem in new spring plantings and thinning stands. |
pepperweed, greenflower | Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. | Medium | Can be a problem in fall-planted and in thinning stands. |
pepperweed, veiny | Lepidium oblongum Small | Medium | Can be a problem in fall-planted and in thinning stands of alfalfa. Resistant to the sulfonyurea herbicides |
pigweed, redroot | Amaranthus retroflexus L. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
pigweed, tumble | Amaranthus albus L. | Medium | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
pinnate tansymustard | Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt | High | Can be a problem in newly fall-planted and in thinning stands. |
plains coreopsis | Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. | Medium |
Can be a problem in newly fall-planted and in thinning stands. |
plantain, buckhorn | Plantago lanceolata L. | Low | Some problem in NE Oklahoma in seedling and established stands. |
poppy, red horned | Glausium corniculatum (L.) Rudolph | Medium | Becoming a major weed problem in certain western areas in newly fall-planted stands. |
prairie cupgrass | Eriochloa contracta Hitchc. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
prickly lettuce | Lactuca serriola L. | Medium | Occurs both in newly fall-planted and thinning stands. Large plants hard to dry in hay. |
prickly
sowthistle (see spiny sowthistle) |
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ragweed, common | Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
red horned poppy | Glausium corniculatum (L.) Rudolph | Medium | Becoming a major weed problem in certain western areas in newly fall-planted stands. |
redroot pigweed | Amaranthus retroflexus L. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
red sprangletop | Leptochloa filiformis (Lam.) Beauv. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
rescuegrass | Bromus catharticus Vahl | High | Major winter weed problem in newly planted fall stands. Also often in thinning stands. Has good forage quality, so can be utilized as hay or grazing. |
ribgrass (see buckhorn plantain) |
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ribwort (see buckhorn plantain) |
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rush, slender | Juncus tenuis Willd | Low | Occasionally present, but seldom a problem. |
Russian thistle | Salsola iberica Sennen & Pau | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands |
ryegrass, Italian | Lolium multiflorum Lam. | High | Major winter weed problem in newly planted fall stands. Also often in thinning stands. Has good forage quality, so can be utilized as hay or grazing. |
sandbur, field | Cenchrus incertus M.A.Curtis | High | Major weed problem in sandy areas. |
scotch thistle | Onopordum acanthium | NA | Not normally found in alfalfa fields. |
shepherdspurse | Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medicus | Medium | Commonly found mustard in newly fall-planted alfalfa and in thinning stands. |
slender rush | Juncus tenuis Willd | Low | Occasionally present, but seldom a problem. |
slimleaf lambsquarters | Chenopodium leptophyllum L. | Medium | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
smooth crabgrass | Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb. ex Schweig.) Schreb. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
southwestern cupgrass | Eriochloa gracilis (Fourn.)A.S.Hitchc. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
sowthistle, spiny (also prickly sowthistle) |
Sonchus asper (L.) Hill | Medium | Occasionally found in newly fall-planted and thinning stands. |
spiny sowthistle (also prickly sowthistle) |
Sonchus asper (L.) Hill | Medium | Occasionally found in newly fall-planted and thinning stands. |
sprangletop, bearded | Leptochloa fascicularis (Lam.) Gray | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
sprangletop, red | Leptochloa filiformis (Lam.) Beauv. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
spreading
wormseed (see bushy wallflower) |
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tall waterhemp | Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) J.D.Sauer | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
tansymustard, pinnate | Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt | High | Can be a problem in newly fall-planted and in thinning stands. |
thistle, bull | Cirsium vulgare | NA | Not normally found in alfalfa fields. |
thistle, Canada | Cirsium discolor | NA | Not normally found in alfalfa fields. |
thistle, musk (also nodding thistle) |
Carduus nutans L. | High | Can be a problem in newly fall-planted and in thinning stands. |
thistle, Russian | Salsola iberica Sennen & Pau | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands |
thistle, scotch | Onopordum acanthium | NA | Not normally found in alfalfa fields. |
thistle, wavyleaf | Cirsium undulatum | NA | Not normally found in alfalfa fields. |
tumble pigweed | Amaranthus albus L. | Medium | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
veiny pepperweed | Lepidium oblongum Small | Medium | Can be a problem in fall-planted and in thinning stands of alfalfa. Resistant to the sulfonyurea herbicides |
volunteer wheat | Triticum aestivum L. | High | Major problem in newly fall-planted stands following wheat. |
wallflower, bushy | Erysimum repandum L. | Medium | Sometimes in fall-planted stands in northwest Oklahoma. |
waterhemp, tall | Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) J.D.Sauer | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
wavyleaf thistle | Cirsium undulatum | NA | Not normally found in alfalfa fields. |
wheat, volunteer | Triticum aestivum L. | High | Major problem in newly fall-planted stands following wheat. |
wild garlic | Allium vineale L. | Low |
Sometimes present, but seldom a problem |
windmillgrass | Chloris verticillata Nutt. | Medium | Commonly coming into thinning stands |
yellow foxtail | Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. | High | Can be a problem in newly spring-planted and in thinning stands. |
yellow nutsedge | Cyperus esculentus L. | Medium | Usually not a problem in alfalfa because of frequent cutting of hay. |
Seasonal Groupings of Alfalfa Weeds